The alveolar process is the lunular process of the upper jaw. It moves downwards with a powerful ridge, which is an arc, steeper in the anterior section. This arc has the shape of a half-ellipse. A similar formation on the lower jaw is called the alveolar part.

is an imaginary curve passing in the area of the tops of the roots of the teeth on the upper and lower jaws.

is the basis of the design of the manufactured or finished denture. The basis of the prosthesis is distinguished by the time of use (temporary and permanent), design (monolithic, double-layered, multi-layered), manufactured material (wax, plastic, metal), purpose (for the upper and lower jaw), by the form of damage to the dentition (for a partial defect of the dentition and in the complete absence of all teeth).

occurs as a result of the contact of the edge of the removable prosthesis with the pliable tissues of the prosthetic bed in the neutral zone, as a result of which it becomes impossible for air to penetrate under the base and break the vacuum. Making vertical excursions, the edge of the prosthesis is in constant sliding contact with the mucous membrane bordering on the prosthesis.

The "dangling" comb

excess of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process in the form of a movable ridge. Its typical location is the anterior section of the toothless, more often the upper, alveolar process. The “dangling” comb creates difficulties in prosthetics with removable prostheses, since their fixation is disrupted and the mucous membrane is damaged. To ensure effective prosthetics, the comb is removed, and with little mobility, a special impression is used. The reasons for the formation of the ridge are not entirely clear. In systemic periodontal disease with rapidly developing atrophy of the alveolar process after tooth extraction, the sclerosed gum creates this excess. This may be a consequence of the reactive growth of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process under high pressure, for example, when using a full prosthesis of the upper jaw, when only the front teeth are preserved on the lower one, and the defect of small and large molars is not implicated by the prosthesis.

is a triangular upper jaw, in which both sides of the dental arches (in the area of the chewing teeth) are straight lines converging between the central incisors, while an acute angle is formed. A type of narrowing of the jaw.

The dental arch

is an imaginary curve passing along the cutting edge and the middle of the chewing surface of the dentition.

is a linear protrusion on the inner surface of the body of the lower jaw, the place of attachment of the maxillofacial muscle.

is the lower posterior protrusion of the subsurface of the upper jaw body, the place of attachment of the oblique head of the lateral pterygoid muscle.

is designed to seal molding mixtures, remove moisture and air inclusions from them in order to ensure that these mixtures are well filled with molds during dental work.